WCDMA in Malaysia

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) A 3G highspeed digital data service provided by cellular carriers that use the time division multiplexing (TDMA) or GSM technology worldwide, including AT&T (formerly Cingular) and T-Mobile in the U.S. WCDMA works on WCDMA cell phones as well as laptops and portable devices with WCDMA modems [1]. Users have typically experienced downstream data rates up to 400 Kbps [1]. WCDMA has been used in the Japanese Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access (FOMA) system and in the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); a third generation follow-on to the 2G GSM networks deployed worldwide [1]. Although TDMA and GSM carriers both use TDMA modulation, WCDMA stems from CDMA. Part of the 3GPP initiative, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) refers to WCDMA as the Direct Sequence (DS) interface within the IMT-2000 global 3G standards [1]

Subband decomposition techniques for adaptive channel equalisation

In this contribution, the convergence behaviour of the adaptive linear equaliser based on subband decomposition technique is investigated. Two different subband-based linear equalisers are employed, with the aim of improving the equaliser's convergence performance. Simulation results over three channel models having different spectral characteristic are presented. Computer simulations indicate that subband-based equalisers outperform the conventional fullband linear equaliser when channel exhibit severe spectral dynamic. Convergence rate of subband equalisers are governed by the slowest subband, whereby different convergence behaviour in each individual subband is observed. Finally, the complexity of fullband and subband equalisers is discussed

Study on the effect of different salinity level to paddy growth performance: a research / Mohamad Fitri Alias

The study of effect different salinity on paddy growth performance an experiment was conducted in greenhouse or rain shelter UiTM Jasin in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) based on 5 replications. The variety of rice use is MR219 and the different level of salinity were dilute with fresh water in 3 level rate which is 20 ppt / kg of salinity, 35 ppt / kg of salinity and 50 ppt / kg of salinity. Inorganic fertilizer NPK with recommended rate also was used in this experiment. The rice without salinity level was served as control. Dilute solutions of different level of salinity (ppt) had a beneficial effect on paddy growth at all measured parameters such as the height of plant, the length of leaf blade and the number of tillers. The height and its components were showed a significant different between the treatment. The maximum mean of plant growth was noted in plant that treated with 20 ppt / kg of salinity level that excellent of growth performance of paddy with the highest of mean value of height (73.06 cm), highest mean of leaf blade length (40.06 cm) and the highest mean number of tiller (18.2). So, from this study the higher level of salinity water give bad impact and poor performance for paddy growth

Multi crteria decision making and its applications : a literature review

This paper presents current techniques used in Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) and their applications. Two basic approaches for MCDM, namely Artificial Intelligence MCDM (AIMCDM) and Classical MCDM (CMCDM) are discussed and investigated. Recent articles from international journals related to MCDM are collected and analyzed to find which approach is more common than the other in MCDM. Also, which area these techniques are applied to. Those articles are appearing in journals for the year 2008 only. This paper provides evidence that currently, both AIMCDM and CMCDM are equally common in MCDM

Determinants of tax non-compliance among SMCS : evidence from IRMB KL Bandar Branch

Tax revenues are the biggest sources of government funds. However, the pervasiveness of tax non-compliance remains a serious concern to most tax authorities around the world. The issue on tax non-compliance has been the subject of much discussion among both academicians and practitioner in Malaysia. In many cases it is impossible to prove noncompliance. Increasing voluntary compliance among Small-and-Medium-sized Corporations (SMCs) is thus a worthwhile endeavor. In order to do so, an in-depth understanding of the factors fostering non-compliance is essential. In Malaysia, SMCs are source of tadfiscal revenue to the Federal government. However, there is still a huge number of this corporate tax payer which did not comply with the tax authority i.e. Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether company size, types of industry and age of the company are influencing the tax non-compliance among SMCs in Malaysia. This study analyzes and test the tax-audited cases finalized by the Kuala Lumpur Bandar branch of Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia (IRBM) in year 2015. Data are gathered from Case Management System (CMS) extracted by officer in charge from IRBM. Population of the study is focused on the SMCs cases resolved in year 2015 by tax auditor in Kuala Lumpur Bandar Branch. A total of 382 cases gathered from the IRBM of Kuala Lumpur Bandar branch. Out of those cases, only 329 cases are tax non-compliance company and to be analyzed. The finding shows that two factors i.e. size of the company and types of industry are found to significantly influence tax noncompliance among SMCs. The finding of this study could be used by the tax authorities and policy makers to determine company or SMCs to be audited in future. In addition, it is hoped that the study's finding would be used to help the IRBM to increase compliance among taxpayers. The IRBM may develop more efficient and effective strategies in the future in order to collect tax appropriately. The limitation of this study is also presented in this paper

Investigation of Asphaltene under Subcritical Water Treatment

A smart in-situ gas lift is the latest emerging technology in the oil and gas production. This intelligent system requires the reservoir to have high amount of gas supply either from reservoir’s gas cap itself or another gas formation. The aim of this study is to select the design consideration for smart in-situ gas lift. Theoretical analysis, simulation and also field applications have been critically reviewed to notice their effects on the field development and production strategy. Compared to conventional gas lift design, four main design factors have been addressed namely interval control valves (ICV), well selection, valve setting depth and valve opening. To further validate the effectiveness of the smart in-situ gas lift, the design has been applied on a well which is located in L-Field. The application of smart in-situ gas lift show great improvement to the productivity of the well when the natural production rate has increased up to 27% compared to the impact of conventional gas lift on natural production rate which has increased about 11% from natural production rate. Plus, the implementation of smart in-situ gas lift has maximized the production of oil from reservoir that characterize by large gas cap size. This paper generally endorses the fact that in situ gas lift method gives big advantage in extending the well life even at high water cut and reducing the high cost of installing expensive gas lift infrastructures in the conventional gas lift system

Analysis Of Problems Faced By Special Education Teacher In Teaching The Multiple Disabilities Students

Multiple disabilities were defined as a person with two or more disabilities. It had caused a lot of problems in teaching and learning because they need specific education. The main objective of this study is to identify and determine the priority level of the problems faced by special education teachers in teaching multiple disabilities students. This study was based on Maslow’s Motivational Theory that focusing on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. This survey had implemented questionnaire instrument that had been adapted from Oklahoma Office of Handicapped Concerns: 2001-2002 Disability Assessment Study. Interview protocol was adapted from National Center For Postsecondary Improvement and was implemented to identify other problems. The respondents were 66 special education teachers from 18 schools in Muar distric and 18 others were for interview session that were choosen using purposive sampling. The datas were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistic Version 22 by comparing mean and the findings from the interview were analyzed narratively. Both findings were devided into 3 levels which were low, medium and high according to mean value and percentage of respondent agreements. This study had found 12 problems (mean=3.97, s.d=0.916) and the 4 main problems according to priority were (1) lack of specific teaching aids (mean=4.15, s.d=0.808) (2) low self motivation and self confident (mean=4.14, s.d=0.857) (3) lack of aids support (mean=4.12, s.d=0.851) (4) communication problems (mean=4.09, s.d=0.872). The findings from the interview had came up with 15 problems and the 5 main problems according to priority were (1) emotional disturbance and lack of concentration (2) non-condusive environment in the classroom (3) communication problems (4) low cognitive level (5) lack of specific teaching aids. These findings were seen as good indicators for the authorities and special education teachers to develop and improve the education system, teaching pedagogy and high quality level of profesionalism among special education teachers

Aplikasi al-Taḥammul wa al-Adā’ dalam kalangan qurrā’ dan kepentingannya: The application of al-Taḥammul wa al-Adā’ among the qurrā’ and its importance

Quran is the main source of reference for Muslims in their daily lives. It is a holy book that is always be read, practiced and inherited from time to time. Muslims read the Quran by teacher to get and obtain an authentic way of reading. It is common knowledge that the Quran is inherited to every generation by the method of taking recitations from the teacher, namely talaqqī by musyāfaḥah. But society is still unclear and does not know the concept of al-taḥammul wa al-adā’ in the inheritance of Quran recitation. Al-taḥammul is a process of receiving and taking a knowledge, while al-adā’ is a process of practicing a knowledge. Thus, this article will discuss the application of al-taḥammul wa al-adā’ among qurrā’ and its importance. Data of the study were collected through library document analysis, while the data analysis method was descriptive. The findings show that there are several importance of the al-taḥammul wa al-adā’ application which is to ensure the connection of sanad, avoid tadlīs or deviation of sanad and for record and reference purposes. The implications of this study are that it is important to guide the community to know the knowledge of al-taḥammul wa al-adā’ in the inheritance of Quran recitation.Al-Quran merupakan sumber rujukan utama bagi umat Islam dalam menjalani kehidupan seharian. Ia merupakan kitab suci yang sentiasa dibaca, diamalkan dan diwarisi zaman-berzaman. Umat Islam mempelajari al-Quran dengan bimbingan guru bagi memperolehi dan mendapatkan cara bacaan yang sahih. Umum mengetahui al-Quran diwariskan kepada setiap generasi dengan kaedah mengambil bacaan dari guru, iaitu talaqqī (bertemu) secara mushāfaḥah (bacaan mulut ke mulut). Namun masyarakat masih kurang jelas dan tidak mengetahui konsep al-Taḥammul wa al-Adā’ (penerimaan dan pengamalan) dalam periwayatan bacaan al-Quran. Al-Taḥammul merupakan proses penerimaan dan pengambilan sesuatu ilmu, manakala al-Adā’ pula merupakan proses pengamalan sesuatu ilmu. Justeru, artikel ini akan membahaskan aplikasi al-Taḥammul wa al-Adā’ dalam kalangan qurrā’ (perawi bacaan al-Quran) dan kepentingannya. Data-data kajian dikumpul secara analisis dokumen kepustakaan, manakala metode analisis data pula dilakukan secara deskriptif. Dapatan menunjukkan terdapat beberapa kepentingan aplikasi al-Taḥammul wa al-Adā’, iaitu memastikan persambungan sanad, mengelakkan tadlīs atau penyelewengan sanad serta bagi tujuan rekod dan rujukan. Implikasi daripada dapatan kajian adalah mustahak untuk mendidik masyarakat mengetahui dan memahami ilmu al-Taḥammul wa al-Adā’ dalam periwayatan bacaan al-Quran

A model of outcome-based education (obe) for engineering education / Asmidar Alias and Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari

Outcome-Based Education (OBE) is an educational system which has been enforced on all engineering programmes. The driving force for this change is the current higher learning education development, which is an accreditation regulatory in the Malaysian Qualification Agency (MQA) Act. Shifting towards this new practice, the concept and delivery of OBE should first be recognised by any Institution of Higher Learning (IHL) provider for accreditation purposes. This paper focuses on the driving force and an implementation model of OBE practices in the Faculty of Civil Engineering (FCE) UiTM Pahang

Coping strategies used by international students who recovered from homesickness and depression in Malaysia

International students use various self-help coping strategies to manage depression and home-sickness, but previous studies have not concluded on how international students have recoveredfrom depression and homesickness after using their self-help coping strategies. The aim of thisstudy is to use the semi structured interview to identify the self-help coping strategies used byinternational students who were unwilling to get treatment and had recovered from theirsymptoms of depression and homesickness in Malaysia. The second aim is to quantitativelyidentify the major psychosocial problems attributing to depression and homesickness amongstudents who have not recovered from the symptoms. Thirty-one international students out of520 diagnosed with depression and homesickness yet were unwilling to get treatment, wereinvited forthe reassessment of their homesickness and depressionafter three-and-a-halfmonths.Psychological assessment shows 9 students had recovered but 20 students had not. These ninestudents were interviewed to explore how they recovered from depression and homesickness.Meanwhile,the20studentswereaskedtocompleteaquestionnairewhichmeasuredtheirreasonfor not being able to recover from depression and homesickness. Results of the semi structuredinterview shows that some of the self-help coping strategies used by participants includingsharing their problems with others who were not experiencing homesickness and depression,keeping themselves busy with some useful activities, indulging in physical exercise, facing thesituation courageously, thinking positively, and reading and following some advice from re-ligious texts. The 20 students who did not recover faced more problems involving language,social connection, academic, loneliness, stress and family problems. Overall, self-help copingstrategies used by this study’s participants are useful in managing depression and homesickness